scipy.integrate.romberg

scipy.integrate.romberg(function, a, b, args=(), tol=1.48e-08, show=False, divmax=10, vec_func=False)

Romberg integration of a callable function or method.

Returns the integral of function (a function of one variable) over the interval (a, b).

If show is 1, the triangular array of the intermediate results will be printed. If vec_func is True (default is False), then function is assumed to support vector arguments.

Parameters :

function : callable

Function to be integrated.

a : float

Lower limit of integration.

b : float

Upper limit of integration.

Returns :

results : float

Result of the integration.

See also

fixed_quad

Fixed-order Gaussian quadrature.

quad

Adaptive quadrature using QUADPACK.

dblquad, tplquad, romb, simps, trapz

cumtrapz

Cumulative integration for sampled data.

ode, odeint

References

[R1]	‘Romberg’s method’ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romberg%27s_method

Examples

Integrate a gaussian from 0,1 and compare to the error function.

>>> from scipy.special import erf
>>> gaussian = lambda x: 1/np.sqrt(np.pi) * np.exp(-x**2)
>>> result = romberg(gaussian, 0, 1, show=True)
Romberg integration of <function vfunc at 0x101eceaa0> from [0, 1]

Steps  StepSize  Results
    1  1.000000  0.385872
    2  0.500000  0.412631  0.421551
    4  0.250000  0.419184  0.421368  0.421356
    8  0.125000  0.420810  0.421352  0.421350  0.421350
   16  0.062500  0.421215  0.421350  0.421350  0.421350  0.421350
   32  0.031250  0.421317  0.421350  0.421350  0.421350  0.421350  0.421350

The final result is 0.421350396475 after 33 function evaluations.

>>> print 2*result,erf(1)
0.84270079295 0.84270079295