scipy.stats.ttest_rel

scipy.stats.ttest_rel(a, b, axis=0, nan_policy='propagate')

Calculate the T-test on TWO RELATED samples of scores, a and b.

This is a two-sided test for the null hypothesis that 2 related or repeated samples have identical average (expected) values.

Parameters

a, barray_like

The arrays must have the same shape.

axisint or None, optional

Axis along which to compute test. If None, compute over the whole arrays, a, and b.

nan_policy{‘propagate’, ‘raise’, ‘omit’}, optional

Defines how to handle when input contains nan. ‘propagate’ returns nan, ‘raise’ throws an error, ‘omit’ performs the calculations ignoring nan values. Default is ‘propagate’.

Returns

statisticfloat or array

t-statistic

pvaluefloat or array

two-tailed p-value

Notes

Examples for the use are scores of the same set of student in different exams, or repeated sampling from the same units. The test measures whether the average score differs significantly across samples (e.g. exams). If we observe a large p-value, for example greater than 0.05 or 0.1 then we cannot reject the null hypothesis of identical average scores. If the p-value is smaller than the threshold, e.g. 1%, 5% or 10%, then we reject the null hypothesis of equal averages. Small p-values are associated with large t-statistics.

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-test#Dependent_t-test_for_paired_samples

Examples

>>> from scipy import stats
>>> np.random.seed(12345678) # fix random seed to get same numbers

>>> rvs1 = stats.norm.rvs(loc=5,scale=10,size=500)
>>> rvs2 = (stats.norm.rvs(loc=5,scale=10,size=500) +
...         stats.norm.rvs(scale=0.2,size=500))
>>> stats.ttest_rel(rvs1,rvs2)
(0.24101764965300962, 0.80964043445811562)
>>> rvs3 = (stats.norm.rvs(loc=8,scale=10,size=500) +
...         stats.norm.rvs(scale=0.2,size=500))
>>> stats.ttest_rel(rvs1,rvs3)
(-3.9995108708727933, 7.3082402191726459e-005)