scipy.signal.cont2discrete

scipy.signal.cont2discrete(system, dt, method='zoh', alpha=None)

Transform a continuous to a discrete state-space system.

Parameters:

system : a tuple describing the system or an instance of lti

The following gives the number of elements in the tuple and the interpretation:

• 1: (instance of lti)
• 2: (num, den)
• 3: (zeros, poles, gain)
• 4: (A, B, C, D)

dt : float

The discretization time step.

method : {“gbt”, “bilinear”, “euler”, “backward_diff”, “zoh”}, optional

Which method to use:

• gbt: generalized bilinear transformation
• bilinear: Tustin’s approximation (“gbt” with alpha=0.5)
• euler: Euler (or forward differencing) method (“gbt” with alpha=0)
• backward_diff: Backwards differencing (“gbt” with alpha=1.0)
• zoh: zero-order hold (default)

alpha : float within [0, 1], optional

The generalized bilinear transformation weighting parameter, which should only be specified with method=”gbt”, and is ignored otherwise

Returns:

sysd : tuple containing the discrete system

Based on the input type, the output will be of the form

• (num, den, dt) for transfer function input
• (zeros, poles, gain, dt) for zeros-poles-gain input
• (A, B, C, D, dt) for state-space system input

Notes

By default, the routine uses a Zero-Order Hold (zoh) method to perform the transformation. Alternatively, a generalized bilinear transformation may be used, which includes the common Tustin’s bilinear approximation, an Euler’s method technique, or a backwards differencing technique.

The Zero-Order Hold (zoh) method is based on [1], the generalized bilinear approximation is based on [2] and [3].

References

[1]	(1, 2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discretization#Discretization_of_linear_state_space_models

[2]	(1, 2) http://techteach.no/publications/discretetime_signals_systems/discrete.pdf

[3]	(1, 2) G. Zhang, X. Chen, and T. Chen, Digital redesign via the generalized bilinear transformation, Int. J. Control, vol. 82, no. 4, pp. 741-754, 2009. (https://www.mypolyuweb.hk/~magzhang/Research/ZCC09_IJC.pdf)