Multi-dimensional morphological gradient.
The morphological gradient is calculated as the difference between a dilation and an erosion of the input with a given structuring element.
Parameters : | input : array_like
size : tuple of ints
footprint : array of ints, optional
structure : array of ints, optional
output : array, optional
mode : {‘reflect’,’constant’,’nearest’,’mirror’, ‘wrap’}, optional
cval : scalar, optional
origin : scalar, optional
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Returns : | output : ndarray
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See also
grey_dilation, grey_erosion, ndimage.gaussian_gradient_magnitude
Notes
For a flat structuring element, the morphological gradient computed at a given point corresponds to the maximal difference between elements of the input among the elements covered by the structuring element centered on the point.
References
[R54] | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_morphology |
Examples
>>> a = np.zeros((7,7), dtype=np.int)
>>> a[2:5, 2:5] = 1
>>> ndimage.morphological_gradient(a, size=(3,3))
array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]])
>>> # The morphological gradient is computed as the difference
>>> # between a dilation and an erosion
>>> ndimage.grey_dilation(a, size=(3,3)) -\
... ndimage.grey_erosion(a, size=(3,3))
array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]])
>>> a = np.zeros((7,7), dtype=np.int)
>>> a[2:5, 2:5] = 1
>>> a[4,4] = 2; a[2,3] = 3
>>> a
array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 1, 3, 1, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]])
>>> ndimage.morphological_gradient(a, size=(3,3))
array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 3, 3, 3, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 3, 3, 3, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 3, 2, 3, 2, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0],
[0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]])