Compute b(s) and a(s) from partial fraction expansion: r,p,k
If M = len(b) and N = len(a):
b(s) b[0] x**(M-1) + b[1] x**(M-2) + ... + b[M-1]
H(s) = ------ = ----------------------------------------------
a(s) a[0] x**(N-1) + a[1] x**(N-2) + ... + a[N-1]
r[0] r[1] r[-1]
= -------- + -------- + ... + --------- + k(s)
(s-p[0]) (s-p[1]) (s-p[-1])
If there are any repeated roots (closer than tol), then the partial fraction expansion has terms like:
r[i] r[i+1] r[i+n-1]
-------- + ----------- + ... + -----------
(s-p[i]) (s-p[i])**2 (s-p[i])**n
See also
residue, poly, polyval, unique_roots