numpy.digitize¶
-
numpy.
digitize
(x, bins, right=False)[source]¶ Return the indices of the bins to which each value in input array belongs.
right order of bins returned index i satisfies False
increasing bins[i-1] <= x < bins[i]
True
increasing bins[i-1] < x <= bins[i]
False
decreasing bins[i-1] > x >= bins[i]
True
decreasing bins[i-1] >= x > bins[i]
If values in x are beyond the bounds of bins, 0 or
len(bins)
is returned as appropriate.Parameters: - x : array_like
Input array to be binned. Prior to NumPy 1.10.0, this array had to be 1-dimensional, but can now have any shape.
- bins : array_like
Array of bins. It has to be 1-dimensional and monotonic.
- right : bool, optional
Indicating whether the intervals include the right or the left bin edge. Default behavior is (right==False) indicating that the interval does not include the right edge. The left bin end is open in this case, i.e., bins[i-1] <= x < bins[i] is the default behavior for monotonically increasing bins.
Returns: - indices : ndarray of ints
Output array of indices, of same shape as x.
Raises: - ValueError
If bins is not monotonic.
- TypeError
If the type of the input is complex.
See also
Notes
If values in x are such that they fall outside the bin range, attempting to index bins with the indices that
digitize
returns will result in an IndexError.New in version 1.10.0.
np.digitize is implemented in terms of np.searchsorted. This means that a binary search is used to bin the values, which scales much better for larger number of bins than the previous linear search. It also removes the requirement for the input array to be 1-dimensional.
For monotonically _increasing_ bins, the following are equivalent:
np.digitize(x, bins, right=True) np.searchsorted(bins, x, side='left')
Note that as the order of the arguments are reversed, the side must be too. The
searchsorted
call is marginally faster, as it does not do any monotonicity checks. Perhaps more importantly, it supports all dtypes.Examples
>>> x = np.array([0.2, 6.4, 3.0, 1.6]) >>> bins = np.array([0.0, 1.0, 2.5, 4.0, 10.0]) >>> inds = np.digitize(x, bins) >>> inds array([1, 4, 3, 2]) >>> for n in range(x.size): ... print(bins[inds[n]-1], "<=", x[n], "<", bins[inds[n]]) ... 0.0 <= 0.2 < 1.0 4.0 <= 6.4 < 10.0 2.5 <= 3.0 < 4.0 1.0 <= 1.6 < 2.5
>>> x = np.array([1.2, 10.0, 12.4, 15.5, 20.]) >>> bins = np.array([0, 5, 10, 15, 20]) >>> np.digitize(x,bins,right=True) array([1, 2, 3, 4, 4]) >>> np.digitize(x,bins,right=False) array([1, 3, 3, 4, 5])