scipy.stats.binom¶
- scipy.stats.binom = <scipy.stats._discrete_distns.binom_gen object at 0x4509ee4c>[source]¶
A binomial discrete random variable.
As an instance of the rv_discrete class, binom object inherits from it a collection of generic methods (see below for the full list), and completes them with details specific for this particular distribution.
Notes
The probability mass function for binom is:
binom.pmf(k) = choose(n, k) * p**k * (1-p)**(n-k)
for k in {0, 1,..., n}.
binom takes n and p as shape parameters.
The probability mass function above is defined in the “standardized” form. To shift distribution use the loc parameter. Specifically, binom.pmf(k, n, p, loc) is identically equivalent to binom.pmf(k - loc, n, p).
Examples
>>> from scipy.stats import binom >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1)
Calculate a few first moments:
>>> n, p = 5, 0.4 >>> mean, var, skew, kurt = binom.stats(n, p, moments='mvsk')
Display the probability mass function (pmf):
>>> x = np.arange(binom.ppf(0.01, n, p), ... binom.ppf(0.99, n, p)) >>> ax.plot(x, binom.pmf(x, n, p), 'bo', ms=8, label='binom pmf') >>> ax.vlines(x, 0, binom.pmf(x, n, p), colors='b', lw=5, alpha=0.5)
Alternatively, the distribution object can be called (as a function) to fix the shape and location. This returns a “frozen” RV object holding the given parameters fixed.
Freeze the distribution and display the frozen pmf:
>>> rv = binom(n, p) >>> ax.vlines(x, 0, rv.pmf(x), colors='k', linestyles='-', lw=1, ... label='frozen pmf') >>> ax.legend(loc='best', frameon=False) >>> plt.show()
Check accuracy of cdf and ppf:
>>> prob = binom.cdf(x, n, p) >>> np.allclose(x, binom.ppf(prob, n, p)) True
Generate random numbers:
>>> r = binom.rvs(n, p, size=1000)
Methods
rvs(n, p, loc=0, size=1, random_state=None) Random variates. pmf(x, n, p, loc=0) Probability mass function. logpmf(x, n, p, loc=0) Log of the probability mass function. cdf(x, n, p, loc=0) Cumulative density function. logcdf(x, n, p, loc=0) Log of the cumulative density function. sf(x, n, p, loc=0) Survival function (1 - cdf — sometimes more accurate). logsf(x, n, p, loc=0) Log of the survival function. ppf(q, n, p, loc=0) Percent point function (inverse of cdf — percentiles). isf(q, n, p, loc=0) Inverse survival function (inverse of sf). stats(n, p, loc=0, moments='mv') Mean(‘m’), variance(‘v’), skew(‘s’), and/or kurtosis(‘k’). entropy(n, p, loc=0) (Differential) entropy of the RV. expect(func, n, p, loc=0, lb=None, ub=None, conditional=False) Expected value of a function (of one argument) with respect to the distribution. median(n, p, loc=0) Median of the distribution. mean(n, p, loc=0) Mean of the distribution. var(n, p, loc=0) Variance of the distribution. std(n, p, loc=0) Standard deviation of the distribution. interval(alpha, n, p, loc=0) Endpoints of the range that contains alpha percent of the distribution